Brunnera – NANCY WITH THE LAUGHING FACE

August 6, 2022

Reliable Shade Perennials for Hot Dry Summers

When we think about drought-tolerant plants, shade perennials rarely come to mind. In fact, we tend to think of shade plants as being especially reliant on water since many are native to moist woodlands, but although these plants certainly appreciate regular rainfall, they can survive long periods without it.

Typically, the well-watered areas where these plants thrive in spring become exceedingly dry by late summer. To make matters worse, where plants grow under the shade of large trees or shrubs, light rain showers are unable to penetrate the canopy of leaves, making some shaded areas the driest in our gardens.

Despite these harsh growing conditions, many shade perennials cope with hot and dry summers as well as their sun-loving cousins, so let’s take a closer look at a few of these remarkable plants and learn how we can help them beat the heat!

HOSTA

Hostas, also known as Plaintain Lilies, are stunningly beautiful foliage plants with broad leaves in varying shades of green, blue and gold, as well as many with contrasting borders and other variegations. Because of their bold appearance, they make excellent landscape plants for large areas, but what makes hostas really stand out amongst other shade plants is that they bloom abundantly in summer!

Hosta flowers are as different in size and appearance as the plants themselves! Some gardeners cut the flower stalks off, preferring their hostas purely as foliage plants, but many hosta flowers are quite beautiful and even fragrant, and the bloom season stretches over the summer months into early fall. With enough different hostas, you can potentially have blooms all season long.

Hosta Lancifolia (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

The hosta known as August Lily blooms in late summer with large white flowers that are both striking and sweetly fragrant. One such variety is ‘Aphrodite’ which is just another plain green-leaved hosta until those flowers emerge, turning it into a ‘scentsational’ exotic beauty. If you’re considering this variety, be sure to plant it where you can appreciate its perfume whenever you pass by.

One of my favorites, old-fashioned Hosta Lancifolia is another fragrant late summer bloomer with abundant lavender bell flowers of delicate appearance. One in full bloom is a sight to behold!

BRUNNERA

Brunnera, Siberian Bugloss or False Forget-Me-Not is one of the most useful plants for lighting up dark shade. It blooms with tiny blue flowers reminiscent of Forget-Me-Nots in early spring but it’s the striking silvery foliage that makes this plant a season-long stunner.

Brunnera is enchanting with tulips and late-season daffodils in the spring and makes a stellar companion for other shade plants which are only enhanced by its glowing leaves. In the photo above, you can see how Brunnera combines beautifully with a Blue Angel hosta and variegated Solomon’s Seal.

By late summer, when there is little flowering in the shade garden, silver and gold-foliaged plants such as Brunnera add glamor and much-needed contrast to what can be a sea of green. Light Up Your Garden with Silver and Gold Foliage has more about using these plants in your garden design.

Over time, Brunnera can spread to fill vacant spaces which also makes it valuable as a groundcover. Some popular varieties include ‘Jack Frost,’ ‘Silver Charm,’ and ‘Diane’s Gold.’

SOLOMON’S SEAL

Polygonatum or Solomon’s Seal is an extremely versatile plant that every gardener should get to know. With arching stems reaching two to three feet, this tall beauty makes a strong architectural statement whether used as a companion plant in garden beds or planted by itself en mass as a groundcover.

In spring, Solomon’s Seal is covered with tiny white bell-shaped flowers on the underside of the stems which are sometimes followed by small dark berries that are a treat for birds. The foliage remains fresh looking all season long, and is especially striking with white variegation. Polygonatum odoratum ‘Variegatum’ is one such variety with the added bonus of fragrance.

Solomon’s Seal in full sun with Asters and Lamb’s Ears (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

Although Solomon’s Seal is typically used in shade gardens, it can also be grown in full sun as a vertical accent. In addition, these plants turn a lovely shade of gold come fall, providing us with three seasons of interest to enjoy.

AJUGA

Ajuga, also known as carpetweed or bugleweed, is one of the best mat-forming groundcovers for sun and shade gardens alike. A vigorous spreader via stolons or horizontal roots, ajuga quickly forms colonies of close-packed rosettes, making it nearly impervious to weeds. Here in New England, escaped plants from long ago often appear in lawns and are only noticed because of their lovely blue or white flower spikes in May.

Although ajuga will grow in full shade, half a day of sun intensifies the colorful foliage, especially in those varieties with purple shading. The spring flowers are quite showy but not very long-lasting, so ajuga is best planted for its eye-catching foliage which stays colorful through fall.

Ajuga ‘Black Scallop’ (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

Ajuga grows well just about anywhere including dry shade under trees, on slopes, in containers and between stepping stones. Some newer varieties to try are ‘Chocolate Chip,’ ‘Burgundy Glow’ and ‘Black Scallop,’ all with stunning blue flowers in spring.

Hay-scented Fern (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

FERNS

Ferns add elegance and airy movement to any garden and, since they’re non-flowering, it’s all about those graceful, and sometimes colorful, fronds. Although ferns in general tend to be moisture lovers, our native Lady Fern, Eastern Wood Fern and Hayscented Fern tolerate hot and dry conditions better than most. In the photo above, Hay-scented Ferns grows in full sun!

Additionally, I’ve found that Japanese Painted Ferns hold up well through hot dry summers, especially when planted closely with companions that shade the soil and help hold in any moisture. These unusual ferns add striking color to any shade garden and I highly recommend giving them a try!

Japanese Painted Fern showing burgundy ribbed fronds (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

The key to success with keeping shade perennials happy through the dry summer months begins with planting. Always amend your soil with plenty of organic matter such as compost or leaf mold before you add any plants. In this way you’re mimicking their natural woodland habitats where leaves accumulate and slowly break down over years, continuously feeding and enriching the soil.

Keep in mind that most shade plants enjoy some morning sun with afternoon shade. Also, as I mentioned above, placing plants fairly close to one another helps shade the soil and retain valuable moisture. Once planting is completed, mulch your plants each spring with a layer of fine shredded bark.

By following these tips, you can be assured that your shade perennials will thank you with beauty and vigor for many years to come!

May 29, 2021

Stalwarts of the Late Spring Garden

After the early bulbs and perennials of spring have bloomed and faded, many of us experience a garden pause before the June bloomers begin their show.

If you find that you need more color to bridge the gap from spring to summer in your garden, here are a few plants that will easily tie the seasons together!

OLD-FASHIONED BLEEDING HEART

Dicentra Spectabilis, commonly known as Bleeding Heart, is easily the best perennial for blooms that go from early May into June and sometimes beyond. You most often see these plants in the classic pink or white but there are new varieties now available including some with red flowers and golden or fern-like foliage.

In my gardens, bleeding heart begins its show along with the daffodils and continues well into peony season without missing a beat! Bleeding Heart prefers some afternoon shade and is cold hardy to Zone 3.

BRUNNERA

Also known as Siberian Bugloss or False Forget-Me-Not, Brunnera is an early spring bloomer here in New England. Although the delicate blue flowers tend to fade as June rolls around, these plants easily carry on through summer with their stunning silvery foliage.

Brunnera positively shines in the shade garden, blending well with Hostas, Solomon’s Seal and Astilbes amongst others. Brunnera is cold hardy to Zone 3.

Geranium Macrorrhizum (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

HARDY GERANIUM

Bigroot Geranium or Geranium Macrorrhizum is the first of my hardy geraniums to bloom, typically in mid to late May. The bright magenta flowers rise above the foliage on delicate looking stems but there is nothing delicate about these plants. Tough, reliable and drought-tolerant, Geranium Macrorrhizum forms an attractive mound, slowly spreading by rhizomes which make it an invaluable groundcover for sun to part shade.

Trim back the flower stems after blooming and the attractive foliage will look fresh all summer, sometimes turning red in the fall. This very hardy geranium is cold tolerant to Zone 3.

CLEMATIS

Clematis are often thought of as fussy plants but they’re actually very easy to grow in a sunny garden. They come in an amazing array of colors, flower forms, and heights from short to tall, and bloom times stagger throughout the growing season. Taller clematis will need some kind of support for their climbing vines while shorter ones can be allowed to ramble playfully around and through other plants.

If you love clematis, try an early blooming variety to get the show going. Guernsey Cream clematis is one that blooms for me in mid-May with creamy white blooms. Most clematis are hardy to Zone 4 but check to make sure the variety you choose is one that will grow in your area.

IRIS

Many Iris are June bloomers but there are a few early varieties that will make your May garden pop with color. If you’re partial to these beautiful plants and have the space, you can easily stagger the flower show for several weeks.

Iris are sun lovers and hardy to Zone 3. In the photo above, an unknown yellow bearded variety gifted by a neighbor blooms along with the lilacs!

Solomon’s Seal (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

VARIEGATED SOLOMON’S SEAL

Variegated Solomon’s Seal brings fragrant blooms and a touch of sparkling white to the late spring garden. The wild form naturally grows here at the edges of the forest, but the variegated fragrant variety (Polygonatum Odoratum Variegatum) is one I have grown in my gardens for years.

The remarkable thing about Solomon’s Seal is that it’s a plant at home in full sun to full shade. Yes, that’s right, the plants shown above grow in full sun in one of the hottest areas of my yard which is a testament to its toughness and versatility. In my shaded gardens, this same Solomon’s Seal grows in great swaths, the white variegation lighting up the shadows.

The tiny white bell-shaped blooms which hang along the stems in spring become dark berries in summer and the foliage turns a soft gold in the fall. This is a perennial that truly spans the seasons!

Plant Variegated Solomon’s Seal where it will have plenty of room to grow for these plants love to spread themselves around. Winner of the 2013 Perennial Plant of the Year Award and hardy to Zone 3.

ALLIUMS

The impressive globes of Alliums add drama and texture to our late spring gardens like nothing else! Many grow from bulbs although a few grow from rhizomes such as our common chives. Again, there are early, mid and late varieties to choose from along with a huge size range from ground-hugging to towering. Alliums love a full sun location and are hardy to Zone 4.

All of the above plants are deer and rabbit resistant in my Zone 6 New England gardens.

October 14, 2019January 22, 2020

A Garden Design for Shade

September and October have been very busy gardening months for me so I’d like to share some of what’s been keeping me outdoors and digging up my yard!

The thing I really love about gardening is that if a design doesn’t work, you can always change it. This autumn I decided to rearrange and enlarge my shade garden, a smallish space that included a birdbath, ajuga, bleeding heart, hostas, ferns, brunnera, a clematis and cimicifuga (bugbane) planted together in a tiny tapestry of color and form. (In the photo below the old-fashioned pink bleeding heart has already gone dormant and the purple clematis isn’t visible) I had originally planted the bugbane off to one side of the birdbath on the right and placed two large hostas behind it but after a few years this large plant overwhelmed the hostas, hiding them from view, and limiting the morning sunlight they received. I had to rethink my design and reposition these plants to enhance their beauty and create a more pleasing vignette. At the same time, I wanted to expand the overall size of the garden using plants I already had on hand.

The original shade garden (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

Once the weather cooled off in mid-September I dug up the cimicifuga, separated it into three clumps and repositioned these in back of the garden. Although these plants and most of the green lady ferns have already died back and are not visible in the following photos, they will create a tall backdrop for next year’s garden. The large ‘Royal Standard’ hosta (which you can see behind the birdbath above) was relocated to the space vacated by the bugbane where it will receive the extra sun needed for abundant blooms. A ‘Gold Standard’ hosta was moved to the left and a little behind the brunnera to brighten up that darker area. After moving these plants to their new homes, the stage was set to add more shade plants and expand the existing garden.

*Variegated Solomon’s Seal will add a vertical accent and glimmer of white behind the blue brunnera while golden hostas and Creeping Jenny will draw the eye in (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)*

On the far left side where the shade from a hemlock kept the lawn from growing was a similar sized area just right for planting with more shady beauties. In the spring I’d incorporated some compost into the soil and added some Sweet Woodruff to quickly fill in and cover ground. A layer of mulch kept it moist over the hot and dry summer months. Now, I worked filling the space just to the right of this groundcover with more compost and shade-loving plants. A white ‘Bridal Veil’ astilbe, some variegated Solomon’s Seal, a small white-edged hosta and ‘White Nancy’ lamium were added to the garden while more Japanese painted ferns were repeated, marrying the old design with the new. I continued by spreading the dark purple rosettes of ‘Black Scallop’ ajuga and tendrils of bright ‘Creeping Jenny’ in the foreground to define and soften the curvy edge. When all the perennials were in, I added 50 critter-proof bulbs of allium ‘Cowanii’ for striking white accent blooms in late spring and early summer.

Next spring the newly planted left side of the shade garden will fill in with Sweet Woodruff, Japanese painted ferns, ‘Bridal Veil’ astilbe and more hostas (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

Although most of the plants are now beaten and bedraggled from several cold nights, you can still imagine how the garden will look next year when each month will bring something new! It’ll be stunning in spring with the blooms of pink Bleeding Heart, the deep purple flower spikes of ajuga, the delicate blue sprays of brunnera and the white flower clusters of Sweet Woodruff; even the Solomon’s Seal will be sporting tiny white bells along its tall stems. As the season progresses, the feathery white plumes of the astilbe, along with the white flowers of the allium bulbs and ‘White Nancy’ lamium, will share the stage with the purple ‘Arabella’ clematis. Summer will bring spikes of hosta blooms in shades of white and pale lavender while the towering cream-colored wands of the cimicifuga will take up the rear. Behind the stone wall, three new Pieris planted in May will slowly join with the mother shrub to form an evergreen and deer-resistant hedge behind the shade garden, uniting it with the woodland beyond.

Pieris shrubs edge the woodland behind the shade garden (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

The varied shades of blue and purple in the foliage of the ajuga, the Japanese painted ferns, the ‘Looking Glass’ brunnera, and large blue-leaved hosta are enhanced by the sunny greens, golds and accents of white also repeated throughout. Even when little or nothing is blooming, the many colors, textures and forms of the shade plants themselves will keep this garden looking lively and bright!

Creeping Jenny behaves best in pots (Photo by Nancy Marie Allen)

A word of caution! Golden Creeping Jenny (Lysimachia nummularia ‘Aurea’) is an aggressive spreader and considered invasive in many areas. I like to use it in pots and planters where it’s easily contained and nicely fills the role of ‘spiller’ with its trailing habit. However, in the garden, this innocent-looking plant with its tiny bright leaves can spread like wildfire! Each year, I keep it in check by removing large segments and pulling it back from crowding other plants. I’ve found that the ‘Black Scallop’ ajuga, another vigorous spreader, seems to hold its own next to Jenny since its thick mat of rosettes prevents other plants from easily taking hold.

DISCLOSURE: This post contains affiliate links to the companies listed below. When you click through on a link and make a purchase, I may make a small commission at no additional cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. Thank You!

Botanical Interests

BloomingBulb

Bonsai Boy of New York